Writing @Pragmatic_Eng, the #1 technology newsletter on Substack. Author of @EngGuidebook. Formerly Uber & Skype.

Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Joined April 2009
Talking with @martinfowler on the podcast. What would you be interested in hearing about?
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And operating massive distributed systems remains very hard. I’m impressed with what I learned about how the AWS team goes about both aiming to avoid incidents like this, but also handling them and (most importantly) learning from them. Eg notice how US-East-1 going down didn’t take down other regions, like last time? Well: this was thanks to learning from that outage!
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Be careful what sources you trust. Anonymous sources + those speculating frequently have no idea what they are talking about when it comes to software engineering… same with much of mainstream media I’m writing up new details not shared before for Tuesday’s @Pragmatic_Eng
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Blind (and much of mainstream media!): the AWS outage is the result of “mass layoffs, outsourced talent.” Me: talks to the AWS engineers handling the incident. Turns out the creators of the systems impacted were in the call (not laid off!), no outsourcing etc Will share more
A massive AWS outage broke the internet this morning — taking down everything from Fortnite and Snapchat to Starbucks mobile orders and Ring cameras. On Blind, engineers say the crash was a long time coming — the result of mass layoffs, outsourced talent, and poor leadership. “If you constantly fire people who make mistakes, you’re just left with people who haven’t learned anything and are waiting for their turn to screw up.” — Verified Amazon Employee “Constant layoffs have consequences.” — Verified Zapier Employee Was this just bad timing — or the inevitable result of years of cost-cutting and leadership decay? Share your thoughts below. Read the full story on Blind
Tomorrow on @Pragmatic_Eng - Chris Lattner, the creator of LLVM, Swift, Mojo (and more!)
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Companies seemed to realize that "I want to talk to a human" is used all too often and they put up more barriers before the bot actually connects to customer support This is where I lose my patience with the whole thing, after the 3rd time the agent blocks me from doing it, as a paying customer
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The promise of AI chat assistants: they solve 90% of the problems users have (by looking up the docs and telling them) My reality: need to spend 10 minutes trying to get to a human, to solve an issue I need customer support to look into Around minute 8 I sign up to a competitor
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Yes, most cross-platform development is done using React Native of Flutter. There's always the question of what is more popular, and there's no simple answer. React Native seems to be more popular in US and UK, and w scaleups and larger companies. More: newsletter.pragmaticengineer…
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An I can recommend following @mhawthorne. He's someone who does the hard work, and now (luckily!) writes about it as well. His book is WIP, but progressing: pushtoprodordietrying.com/
Replying to @mhawthorne
you should have better problems tomorrow than you have today and if that’s not the case, then you aren’t doing good architecture work you may need to find new architects or consider not having any architects at all
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Rare to read a post arguing about the importance of software architecture BUT doing it without software architects than this one. And you can just sense the hard-earned scars Matt got on the way: at Netflix, Twitter and other places: Such a good read:
recently partnered with @GergelyOrosz to write "What is good software architecture?" for The Pragmatic Engineer: newsletter.pragmaticengineer… the core thesis is that good architecture work involves upgrading your problems
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React Native is definitely the tool of choice for most startups and scaleups (save for a very small number of ones that care very much about e.g. performance, and don't mind spending 2-3x as much on their mobile app as RN would cost)
Replying to @GergelyOrosz
After building the @v0 mobile app in React Native & Expo we’re never looking back. Look out for the incoming eng blog post by @FernandoTheRojo
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I analyzed it back in 2022, and don't see this trend being reversed at all: newsletter.pragmaticengineer… A few Staff+ level native mobile engineers I know at Big Tech are moving away from native mobile, into fullstack or Ai engineering, due to lack of professional growth and opportunities.
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An under-discussed topic: how the hottest software engineering job of the early 2010s is seeing a steady but ongoing decline the last few years. I'm talking about the native iOS and Android positions. Outside of Big Tech, few startups/scaleups hire for this. Since ~2022?
Another instance of mainstream media reporting on a trend I covered in @Pragmatic_Eng months before. This time with The Financial Times, 4 months later:
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Great point: by @pi_kumar you can put *whatever you want* on LinkedIn, in almost all cases! Most companies don't care and don't police it There is usually "peer pressure" to not misrepresent your titles to your colleagues... usually but not always!
Replying to @GergelyOrosz
I have seen so many L5s at meta and FAANG uplevel their titles as “head of”, even though a lot of them don’t have an official job title like that.
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Good additional context by @berkulsoy_tr In the end, titles are free at almost all companies - and at certain companies, some titles (Director+) have constraints often invisible from the outside, so other titles can be given out
Replying to @GergelyOrosz
This happens everywhere for many kind of roles when budget is restricted for the level you want to hire. Then the title is bumped. It's a marketable asset so people take it. This is very old game. There are a few things to check during interviews against inflated titles. - If contact is established via 3rd party recruiter, is it an executive recruiter or a technology recruiter ? Companies often work with executive recruiters for true director level roles even under technology domain. - What is the grade scale and where is this role located in that scale ? (Red flag if grade scale isn't disclosed) - Does the role has individual performance goals that target business outcomes not technicalities, and is subject to individual bonus scheme that's indepedent from company wide standard bonus scheme ? - A true director level signal: Does the role has its own hard allocated budget, own cost center ? (A manager telling "here is X$, you can spend this" is not same as having X$ allocated for your name, in company financials, making you 100% accountable. The first one means, you actually have no budget, just given some soft allowance) - If role implies people management, does it also have autonomy to decide raises/bonuses/promotions and hiring/layoff decisions within company limits and given budget ? - Finally, does the offer include custom severance package (e.g worth of 1-2 years salary, pro-rota if layoff within 1-2 years) If the job isn't ticking many of those boxes (especially financial related ones), it's most probably an inflated title. Note: All people leaders have budgets. But also ICs may have large budgets without having any direct report, if the role needs it.
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Haha great point by @thijsniks on how Uber had (has?) tons of Head of X roles and its indeed below Director there. And an old trend Again, these happen company by company. I don’t sense “title inflation” would be due to AI startups tho
Replying to @GergelyOrosz
At Uber, people got the “head of” title a decade ago if we didn’t want to make them director but they didn’t want to join as a group PM
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